STRONG SIGNS of the CRIMINAL-DESTRUCTIVE CAPABILITY of NATURE over Earth's history
Natural Mass Extinctions [ME]The number of living species which have ever existed can be estimated to be about 5 billion. Today the biodiversity is greater than has ever before: the number of living species ranges - according to most scientists - between 12 and 100 million species.
That is to say that more than 99.8 % of all species have disappeared by ME.
'Life on earth has suffered its share of catastrophes. [Scientific American, July 1996]
In the last 600 million years there have been five massive
holocausts of biodiversity, and eleven other mass extinctions of major extent. The great Permian extinction, some 250 million years ago wiped out 90 per cent of all-preexisting species. At the end of the Cretaceous period, 65 million years ago, 60 to 75 % of species were killed off, including most of the dinosaurs, large marine reptiles, ammonites and flying pterosaurs.'The above destructive capacity is well over any destructive capacity of communism and nazism joined together! Then, it's a gross understatement to attribute to the nature the most criminal of human categories: the Nazi-Communist-Criminal one.
Survey over SOME MASS EXTINCTIONS in the Planet's history* * Reference: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/help/timeform.html
Period [million years ago] Most prevalent living organisms
Earth formation [~ 4,500]Precambrian [4,500 < > 544] Only marine Organisms: blue-green algae, bacteria;
simple Eucariotic Organisms: protozoa, algae, fungi,
worm tubes, sponges;Cambrian [544 < > 505] Only Marine Organisms: trilobites, brachiopods,
archaeochyatids, marine invertebrate, gastropods,
cephalopods, arthropods, bivalved crustacea,
echinoderms;
ME: extinction of olnellids [trilobites] and
archaeocyathids; severely affected: trilobites,
brachiopods, conodontsOrdovician [505 < > 440] Nautiloids, echinoderms, cystids and carpoids,
graptolites, ostracods, ostracoderms [first
vertebrates], cephalopods, corals, bryozoans,
crinoids, gastropods, bivalves
ME : more than 1% of marine invertebrates perished; ~
33% of brachiopods, bryozoans, conodonts,
trilobites and graptolites disappeared.Silurian [440 < > 410] Scorpions, millipedes, insects; appearance of land
plants: ferns, mosses, liverworts and first forestsDevonian [410 < > 360] Sharks, bony fishes, ammonoids, corals,
stromatoporoids; siliceous sponges, goniatites; +
amphibians
ME: [over 3 million years] One of the greatest mass
extinction in the planet history: about 70% of all
species were extinct. Corals were destroyed to such
an extent that they did not reappear until after about
100,000 years.Carboniferous [360 < >286] Amphibia, Brachiopods, crinoids, bryozoa; terrestrial
aracnids, fusulinids; GymnospermesPermian [286 < > 245] Appearance of conifers; first reptiles
ME: [the greatest ME] 90- 95% of all marine animals
were destroyed and more than 75% of all
terrestrial species [foraminifera, trilobites, corals,
blastoids, anthodians, placoderms, pelycosaurs,
bryozoans, brachipods, ammonoids, sharks, bony
fish, crinoids, crypterids, osrtracods, echinoderms].Triassic [245 < >208] Dinosaurs
ME: about 25% of sponges, cephalopods, brachiopods,
gastropods, molluscs, thecodonts disappeared;
amphibians,Conodonts and Labyrinthodonts were
eliminatedJurassic [208 < > 146] Ichtiosaurs, plesiosaurs, pterodactyls; ammonites,
crustacean, corals, first mammals and birds.Cretaceous[146 < > 65] Several plant types; angiosperms: several new species
appear as marine reptiles, bivalves, ammonoids,
belemnoids, scleractinian corals.
ME: 85% of all species were destroyed comprising
dinosaurs, pterosaurs, mesosaurs, marine reptiles,
fishes, brachiopods, diatoms, dinoflagellates, molluscs,
echinoids, planktic foraminifera and many plants.
Ammonites disappeared.
It seems that many mammals, birds, crocodiles, lizard, snakes
and amphibians were largerly unaffected.Tertiary [65 < > ~2] Creodonts, amblypods, marsupials, primates,
insectivors. Apes, mammouth, humans; armadillo, pig,
camel, rhinoceros, oreodonts, dryopithecus, moropus,
amphicyonsQuaternary [~2 < > 0.011] glacial and interglacial periods.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/darwin/exfiles/
http://hannover.park.org/Canada/Museum/extinction/
and different sources.
On the basis of fossil records, there is a general agreement among geologists /
paleontologists over the existence of 5-6 major destructive events during earth's
history, called Mass-Extinction [ME]. Some scientist suggest that ME were a
cyclic phenomenon, occurring every 25-30 million years; accordingly, the
number of ME during Earth history would be about 19 - 23 from
the Cambrian period. The cyclic ME theories seem to suggest that such destructive events would be caused by collision events with comets or asteroids having orbits passing through solar system with regular frequency, and
colliding regularly with earth. Several evidences suggest that the crater near Yucatan peninsula was caused by an extraterrestrial impact which took place just about 65 millions years ago [the cretaceous period], disrupting the earth's ecosystem to such an extent as to cause ME.
New findings provide evidence that ME of ~250 million years ago too was triggered by a collision with a comet or asteroid.
[ Apocalipse 250 million years ago ]According to recent studies, the oldest impact event occurred 3470 ± 2 million years ago. The asteroid was between 12 and 30 miles in diameter, and smashed into the earth with the energy close to 1 billion atomic bombs, creating a tsunami more than half a mile high that raced around the world at about 500 miles / hour . The heat generated by the impact evaporated the upper 30-300 feet of water of the oceans and destroyed nearly all living organisms on surface of Earth.
Lousiana State University, Off. Univ. Relations
[G.R. Byerly, D.R. Lowe, J.L. Wooden & X. Xie, 2002, Science 297, 1325-1327]